What is a buyer persona, and why should you make one (or a few)
14.08.2024. / Analysis and strategy

Imagine having a "certain something" in your digital marketing strategy, something that will give you an almost complete insight into your customers' minds. This secret weapon is the buyer persona profile. These fictional yet data-driven profiles can help you understand and predict your ideal customers' needs, behaviours, and preferences.

A buyer persona profile is not just any profile; it’s the very essence of your target audience, distilled into a handful of characters.   
  
These personas represent different segments of your market, each with its own unique set of characteristics, needs, and challenges. With their help, your marketing strategy can become laser-focused, and your message resonates with the right people at the right time.
  
By crafting detailed buyer personas, you gain a deeper understanding of who your customers are, what they want, and how they make decisions.  
Understanding your audience is the basics of any (effective) marketing. When you know your customers, you can personalise your products, services and your messages to meet their needs.   
  
These profiles provide clarity and direction so that every part of your marketing, from content creation to product development, aligns with the desires of your target audience.   
If you focus on the right personas, you can optimise your resources, increase engagement, and ultimately boost your bottom line.  
  

What are buyer personas?   

At their core, buyer personas are representations of your ideal customers. They are based on actual data and insights gathered from your existing customer base and target market. Each persona includes basic information, behavioural patterns, motivations, goals, and challenges. Think of them as a composite sketch of your perfect customer, grounded in reality but enriched with detail.  
  
Creating a comprehensive buyer persona involves several basic elements:  

  • Demographics: Age, gender, income, education, and occupation.  
  • Behaviors: Buying habits, brand loyalty, preferred communication channels.  
  • Goals: What do your customers hope to achieve with your product or service?  
  • Challenges: Pain points and obstacles that your product or service can help overcome.  
  • Preferred solutions: Types of solutions or products the persona is looking for.  
      

Specificity is vital when developing buyer personas. The more detailed and precise your personas are, the more use you will have of them.   
Broad, generalised personas can lead to unfocused strategies and wasted resources. Precision ensures that your message hits the mark and resonates deeply with the intended audience.  
 

 

Create your own buyer personas 

Before even starting to create buyer personas, you'll have to do thorough research. Start by collecting data from various sources to ensure your personas are as accurate as possible. The quality and depth of your research will directly influence the effectiveness of your personas, so you'll have to be meticulous at this stage.  
  
Begin by collecting data from surveys and analytics to collect valuable information about your audience's demographics and behaviours.   

  • Surveys: Use SurveyMonkey or Google Forms to ask questions about customer preferences, buying habits, and demographic information.  
    Example questions:  
    -What factors influence your purchasing decisions?  
    -Which social media platforms do you use most frequently?  
  • Interviews: Conduct one-on-one interviews with a selection of customers to gain a better understanding of their needs and challenges.  
    Example questions:  
    -Can you describe a recent experience you had with our product?  
    -What problems are you hoping to solve with our service?  
  • Analytics: Analyse website traffic, social media engagement, and sales data to identify patterns in customer behaviour.  
    Tools to use: Google Analytics, Facebook Insights, CRM systems.  
      

Analyse customer feedback and research the market 

Combine collected data with feedback from customer reviews and industry research. Look for patterns and trends to help you identify common characteristics among your target audience. This approach ensures your personas are both comprehensive and nuanced.  
  
Steps to analyse feedback:  

  • Customer reviews: Examine reviews on platforms like Facebook, Yelp, Trip Advisor or your own website to understand common praises and complaints.  
  • Industry reports: Use market research reports from sources like Statista or Nielsen to get a broader view of trends in your industry.  
  • Social listening: Keep an eye on social media regarding your brand and competitors to gauge public sentiment and identify emerging trends.  
      

Identify patterns and trends 

Once you've gathered your data, the next step is identifying recurring themes and traits. Look for commonalities in your audience's behaviours, preferences, and pain points.  
Examples of identifiable patterns:  

  • Behavioural patterns: Frequent online shoppers, brand loyalty, time spent on certain activities.  
    Example: Customers who visit your website multiple times before making a purchase.  
  • Preferences: Product features are the most valued and preferred communication channels.  
    Example: Preference for email updates over social media notifications.  
  • Pain points: Common challenges faced, reasons for dissatisfaction.  
    Example: Difficulty in navigating your website or finding specific product information.  
      

Recognise common traits among your audience  

Spotting common traits will help you segment your audience into distinct buyer personas. For example, you might find that a significant portion of your customers are tech-savvy millennials. At the same time, another segment consists of busy professionals seeking convenience.  
  
Examples of audience segments:  

  • Tech-savvy millennials: Young digital natives who value innovative features and seamless user experiences.  
    Traits: High social media usage and preference for mobile-friendly platforms.  
  • Busy professionals: Older, career-focused individuals seeking products that save time and simplify their lives.  
    Traits: High income, limited time for shopping, preference for efficient customer service.  
  • Budget-conscious families: Parents seeking value-for-money products that meet their family's needs.  
    Traits: Price sensitivity, interest in deals and discounts, preference for family-friendly features.  
      

Segment your audience for precision 

Segmentation allows you to create highly targeted personas, each representing a specific segment of your market. This way you can make a tailored marketing strategy to each persona's unique needs and preferences.  
  
Steps to segment your audience:  

  • Data grouping: Organise your collected data into groups based on identified patterns.  
    Example: Grouping customers by age, spending habits, and preferred communication channels.  
  • Persona development: Develop detailed profiles for each segment, focusing on their unique traits and needs.  
    Craft engaging and realistic persona narratives. Write narratives that describe each persona's background, daily life, goals, and challenges. These stories make your personas relatable and human, helping your team understand and empathise with your audience.  

Examples:  
John is a 28-year-old software developer who values efficiency and is constantly looking for tools to streamline his workflow. He spends his day coding and solving complex problems.  
Anna is a marketing manager at a mid-sized tech company. She struggles with integrating new marketing tools into her existing strategy and aims to boost her company's online presence.  
Jane is a 40-year-old environmentalist who prioritises sustainable living. She seeks products that reduce her carbon footprint and align with her eco-conscious values.  
  

Why it's vital to build detailed buyer persona profiles  

Buyer personas also help you refine your advertising efforts. By understanding where your personas spend their time online and what influences their purchasing decisions, you can design ads that capture their attention and inspire action.  
 
Personas are not just for marketing; they can also inform your product development process.  
By aligning your products and services with the needs and preferences of your personas, you can ensure your offerings are relevant and valuable to your target audience.  
  
Finally, buyer personas can help your customer service and retention.  
Use personas to personalise the customer experience at every touchpoint - from tailored recommendations to personalised follow-ups.  

  

Common mistakes with buyer personas and how to avoid them  

One common mistake is creating personas that are too broad. To avoid this pitfall, ensure your personas are specific and detailed.  
  
Another mistake is neglecting to update your personas regularly. As your market evolves, so too should your personas. Schedule regular reviews to keep them relevant and accurate.  
Avoid basing your personas on assumptions. Use actual data and insights to ensure your personas accurately reflect your audience.  
 
In short, don't base your personas on stereotypes – base them on data and revisit them periodically. 
  
Buyer personas can transform your marketing strategy. They provide invaluable insights into your audience, enabling you to create targeted, personalised campaigns that drive engagement and growth.  
  
If you haven't already, it's time to start crafting your buyer personas. The benefits are clear, and the process is straightforward. Begin by gathering data, identifying patterns, and building detailed profiles.  
  
Understanding your audience at a deeper level is not just beneficial; it's essential.